Mobile torque device



Aug. 4, 1931. E. s. PURINGTON.

MOBILE TORQUE DEVICE Filed March 7. 1930 Inventor:

I Ellfspn 5. FUringbn,

' His Attorney.

Patented Aug. 4, 1931 mum STATES PA T Dulce 334.1801? seenme'mn, or qtovflmn, swarms ASSIGNOR "we ennmx. mnc'mm econ'zom'non er YORK 1101mm TGRQQE 113mg Appliutim m leach],

My invention relatps to tprque p reduc ing p nic-whirl eleetrme pe ewe ,veesof the armatu ype an has for its principalobjece teezzeid the efieet oi mucous ro-tavymevement ensuch devices. 7 Whene'an-eleetronespensiyeterque devleeef the belaneed type is, subjected to extraneeus -mrym0t,i0n, a, false aperaeionef the qevlee may esale 'Ilhus: fer examgle with a clrcmt 10 mntrolling relay heaving'n balanced, armature provided with controlling windings for. 013- emio between ing' eleetromagneuc pole mounted in an msediw the eentrol f an: airplane, atorpedo: or other mobile deuce and thereby subie edi teextmneous rotayy movem m e Maneed rm hu e e to t inertia efieet, may eeuseen epemuen o the mated-entirely flfi wneni 0f h energ zatimeofvtheo ntrellinggwmmgs In aeeordancewith the present. lpyentlon, this diflic'ulty is awoidede by subdimdmg the biile retar-y .ermatere oi electromsponsive torque preduelng dev'lee mtp two put-e which are-inde meant 1g, me nte for mtavyemevement armee wmlly; m n n 0!! together sothehthe'inertie efieet, of one part mpeneates fev he iaen m fi'mt, of th other part 11 e n m emanemw we ry mo e- 31) Theinvemion may m fl l i item the woompenyinfi n Fi .1; shows sehematmlly em'imtwm'of .eleotnoresnm sive tenqne produ ing: deit ee hfl' g t-woseparmly eiwned e mmre mnbeuiee ly interceeneetedhe'eemte for windings 1 k and 15.

' p ngd wm 1 I v me Need.- .1. we Fi Q 1m sum n. amen an w, er mete e 10v in an epgosite direcbie t mm f alanoed mam 11. Iidesired; chejw er 1e and 17. may be proyided. for maintaining the annaturee 10 and; 11; respectiw' tween the poles Fig. 1.

and: thereby avoid: false operation. of the armature independently of the controlling I The dynamic-requirements for phe movable members of a deviceef this type are as follower I I e i 1. Eaeh armature membeeis supperted at its center of graszitg so as to compe sake for translational shocks.

2, Fremeeommeeciel viewpoint, theqrmature members have the same shape and dimensiens, nd the sa e; mvment 'of ne ti about he centen f g avi y v 'Eh Q li b twe n-th f wm teee rn mb n of equal-m m t e mertie ssueh S to pwduee eqpal, upon the two mem r wi eq t ppos e f r pe 4. The electrical circuit/s; ere such ag to p due' in iflpp n eseiflle tw member en there ore orc in 1 he am se se on; coupling e c 1 in'the mid-P ition beand asindioe ed in In order to elimin te thedisturbin effect ,of extraneous netary'mevementen t belkauced anmatnres. l0 and 11, these anmatnres a:

- Thesewequirements am 5 50 met by the e nwdified arrang m n w in g. 91in which h t 'mfitlllf 1 en 11 mo n 3 f indepen e t ary m m t up n h 12 M51 nd; 1 n th -megnetiefield set up Jby the permane t magne M5; a d e which apt! jointzlyupw thelpole' pieces indieate d; as

L 1; d S; The eter-y movement, oft-he armatures 10 51nd,;1g1! is eentagalledeby theeaergiw' tion of the windings 1 1 and In this case the connection arrangement of the windings 14, and 15 also is such that the armatures 10 and 11' are operated in opposite directions. That is, when the armature 10 is operated in the clockwise direction under the control of the winding 1 1, the armature 11 is operated in the counterclockwise direction under the control of the winding 15.

The armature 10 is provided with an arm carrying on its extremity the contact 21 which is operable between the two spacedapart stationary contacts 22 and 28.

In accordance with the present invention, the armatures 10 and 11 are mechanically interconnected so as to avoid the deleterious effect of extraneous rotary movement of the device as awhole. This is accomplished, as shown in Fig. 2, by providing a yoke-shaped member 2% on the end of the armature 10 opposite that carrying the contact 21 and providing a cooperating member 25 on the end of the armature 11 which is received in sliding engagement between the opposing arms of the yoke-shaped member 2st. In this way when the controlling windings 14 and 15 are energized, the armatures 10 and 11 cooperate to move the contact 21 into engagement with either of the stationary contacts 22 and 28. However when the device is subjected to extraneous rotary movement, the. inertia effect of the armature 10 compensates that of the armature 11 and prevents false operation or the contact 21.

Thus, in Fig. 2, assume the masses X X X, are concentrated at the ends of the pivoted armature members of 1 gram value and assume each armature member is 2 cm. in length and ot a total mass 01' two grams, assume angular acceleration of all parts of the system amounting to 1 radian per second per second, about an axis A 5 cm. removed from X, and in line with X, X and For the system to be entirely rigid the linear acceleration of masses X t Xv must be 9, 7, 7, and 5 cm. per second, and therefore the forces necessary to cause the acceleration are 9, 7, 7, and 5 dynes. With the pivot and constraining device operative, the forces for X and X to produce the required acceleration are obtained by 16 dynes applied to the entire member by the pivot, in combination with a torque of 2 dyne cm. These torques are in the same direction in an angular sense, but are produced by equal and opposite forces of two dynes exerted by the coupling device. On account of the equality of the forces, no motion is produced in the coupling device itself, although free to move. As a result, the entire system behaves as a rigid body, and the forces required to cause every part 01- the movable system to move together are supplied by the pivots and by the torques resulting from equal and opposite reactions of the coupling device.

A generalized study would show that complete compensation exists under all conditions. Thus it a rigid body is put into any type of motion, the motion of any selected group of particles at any time may be described by translational motion of the center of gravity in combination with a rotary motion of the particles about the center of gravity. Considering two groups of particles, the translational velocities of their centers of gravity will in general be different, but the angular velocities about their respective centers of gravity are the same. F or this reason in relays of this type, although the pivot forces may be unequal because of the difference of the translational accelerations of the centers of gravity, the torques are equal since there is no such ditlerence of angular accelerations.

In the modification shown in Fig, 3, a simplified construction is employed which avoids the necessity for polarizing magnets. In this arrangement the magnetic frame 26 is formed to include the pole pieces 27 and 28 for the controlling windings 1 1" and 15 between the cooperating poles indicated as SS and NN. The armatures 10 and 11" are pivotally supported at the points 12" and 13 in attractive relation with the poles. The counterweights 29 and 30 are provided for balancing the armatures. The two armatures are mechanically interconnected so as to impose a. restraint thereon which compels them to turn with respect to each other in a predetermined manner. This is accomplished by means of the member 31 which is provided with recesses into which the adjacent ends of the armatures loosely lit. The member 31 may be supported independently of the armatures as by means of a spring or the like and carries the contact 32 in cooperating relation with the contact 33.

From the above analysis it will be seen that the mechanical restraint imposed upon the balanced armatures 10 and 11", to enforce rotation thereof in opposite directions, makes the entire mechanism rigid against rotational shocks. Due to the balanced mounting of the armatures they also are rigid against transitional shocks. Thus movement of the armatures results only from energizzu tion of the two operating windings l t and 15", which may be connected in the series circuit as indicated in the drawings.

lVhile the invention has been described in connection with an electromagnetically operated relay, it is not necessarily limited thereto and may be applied to devices having other motive means for producing the torque.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is: i

1. An electrical torque producing device comprising field forming means including magnetic members providing a plurality of spaced-apart poles, a plurality of balanced ivoted armatures mounted for movement in the field set u by said poles, a plurality of windings for e ecting rotary movement of said armatures in opposite directions in said field, and means mechanically interconnectin said armatures to compensate the inertia e ect thereof upon extraneous rotary movement of the device.

2. An operating mechanism 'compensated against spurious operation due to rotational and translational shocks, including a lurality of operatin members mounted or rotation about their respective centers of gravity in a fixed spatial relation with respect to g each other, mechanical connections between said members for enforcing rotation thereof in opposite directions, and motive means for simultaneously effecting rotation of the operating members in opposite direction.

3. An electrical torque producing device including a pair of rotatable members, means for pivotally mounting the members in a fixed spatial relation with respect to each other for rotation about their respective centers of' gravity, electrical means or effecting simultaneous rotation of the members in opposite direction, and mechanical means interconnecting the members for enforcing simultaneous rotation thereof in opposite direction independently of said electrical means to compensate for extraneous rotary movement of the device.

4. An electrical torquev roducing device 7 1 In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 20th da of Februa 1930.

- ELL SON S. P

INGTON. 

